*Result*: Relationship of Plankton Abundance to Hemocyte Profile and Phagocytic Activity of Whiteleg Shrimp (Litopenaeus Vannamei) in Different Pond Management, East Java, Indonesia.

*Plankton is an important component of aquatic ecosystems that acts as natural food and water quality indicators, with distribution influenced by environmental factors such as nutrients, temperature, and dissolved oxygen. This study evaluated the spatial and temporal dynamics of plankton in supra-intensive, intensive, and traditional ponds, and their relationship to water quality and the health of whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). The results showed that supra-intensive ponds had the highest plankton abundance reflecting better ecosystem stability. Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) analysis by comparing three whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) pond cultivation systems, namely supra-intensive, intensive, and traditional, based on plankton abundance, water quality, and shrimp productivity. Supra-intensive ponds showed the highest plankton abundance (25,290–49,967 ind/L), this system produced the highest shrimp Total Hemocyte Count (THC) (12,000 cells/μL) and a phagocytosis rate of 85%, but high water quality fluctuations and high concentrations of phosphate, nitrate, and ammonia require strict waste management. Intensive ponds showed moderate plankton abundance (1,540–14,996 ind/L). This system achieved a balance between productivity (THC: 10,500 cells/μL; phagocytosis: 78%) and ecosystem stability through good water quality management. Traditional ponds had low abundance values due to low nutrient inputs and less intensive water management, reflecting a more naturally stable ecosystem. This system produced the lowest THC (9,000 cells/μL) and phagocytosis rate of 70%, with stable water quality but lower productivity (plankton abundance: 264–9,781 ind/L). These results indicate that supra-intensive ponds are superior in productivity but require intensive management, while traditional ponds are more environmentally friendly but less efficient. Intensive ponds offer a balance between productivity and sustainability. Thus, it can be said that there is a significant relationship between environmental parameters such as temperature, nitrate, and dissolved oxygen with shrimp growth and health, as measured by the total number of hemocytes and phagocytosis activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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