*Result*: The role of affect reactivity to daily negative parent and peer events in the development of adolescents' internet addiction.
Title:
The role of affect reactivity to daily negative parent and peer events in the development of adolescents' internet addiction.
Authors:
Xiong Y; Department of Psychology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China., Lyu M; Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment Toward Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China., Chen J; Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment Toward Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China., Feng X; Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment Toward Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China., Ren P; Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment Toward Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
Source:
Journal of research on adolescence : the official journal of the Society for Research on Adolescence [J Res Adolesc] 2026 Mar; Vol. 36 (1), pp. e70158.
Publication Type:
Journal Article
Language:
English
Journal Info:
Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9109126 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1532-7795 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10508392 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Res Adolesc Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s):
Publication: Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
Original Publication: Hillsdale, N.J. : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, c1991-
Original Publication: Hillsdale, N.J. : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, c1991-
MeSH Terms:
References:
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Anderson, E. L., Steen, E., & Stavropoulos, V. (2017). Internet use and problematic internet use: A systematic review of longitudinal research trends in adolescence and emergent adulthood. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 22(4), 430–454. https://doi.org/10.1080/02673843.2016.1227716.
Anderson, S. F., Sladek, M. R., & Doane, L. D. (2021). Negative affect reactivity to stress and internalizing symptoms over the transition to college for Latinx adolescents: Buffering role of family support. Development and Psychopathology, 33(4), 1322–1337. https://doi.org/10.1017/S095457942000053X.
Bai, S., & Repetti, R. L. (2018). Negative and positive emotion responses to daily school problems: Links to internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 46(3), 423–435. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802‐017‐0311‐8.
Bai, S., Robles, T. F., Reynolds, B. M., & Repetti, R. L. (2020). Daily mood reactivity to stress during childhood predicts internalizing problems three years later. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 48(8), 1063–1075. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802‐020‐00650‐7.
Bailen, N. H., Green, L. M., & Thompson, R. J. (2019). Understanding emotion in adolescents: A review of emotional frequency, intensity, instability, and clarity. Emotion Review, 11, 63–73. https://doi.org/10.1177/1754073918768878.
Baloğlu, M., Şahin, R., & Arpaci, I. (2020). A review of recent research in problematic internet use: Gender and cultural differences. Current Opinion in Psychology, 36, 124–129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2020.05.008.
Becerra, R., & Campitelli, G. (2013). Emotional reactivity: Critical analysis and proposal of a new scale. International Journal of Applied Psychology, 3(6), 161–168. https://doi.org/10.5923/j.ijap.20130306.03.
Booij, S. H., Snippe, E., Jeronimus, B. F., Wichers, M., & Wigman, J. T. W. (2018). Affective reactivity to daily life stress: Relationship to positive psychotic and depressive symptoms in a general population sample. Journal of Affective Disorders, 225, 474–481. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2017.08.051.
Brand, M., Wegmann, E., Stark, R., Müller, A., Wölfling, K., Robbins, T. W., & Potenza, M. N. (2019). The Interaction of Person‐Affect‐Cognition‐Execution (I‐PACE) model for addictive behaviors: Update, generalization to addictive behaviors beyond internet‐use disorders, and specification of the process character of addictive behaviors. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 104, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.06.032.
Brand, M., Young, K. S., Laier, C., Woelfling, K., & Potenza, M. N. (2016). Integrating psychological and neurobiological considerations regarding the development and maintenance of specific internet‐use disorders: An Interaction of Person‐Affect‐Cognition‐Execution (I‐PACE) model. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 71, 252–266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.08.033.
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Cerniglia, L., Zoratto, F., Cimino, S., Laviola, G., Ammaniti, M., & Adriani, W. (2017). Internet addiction in adolescence: Neurobiological, psychosocial and clinical issues. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 76, 174–184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.12.024.
Charles, S. T., Piazza, J. R., Mogle, J., Sliwinski, M. J., & Almeida, D. M. (2013). The wear‐and‐tear of daily stressors on mental health. Psychological Science, 24(5), 733. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797612462222.
Chen, X., Lee, J., & Chen, L. (2018). Culture and peer relationships. In W. M. Bukowski, B. Laursen, & K. H. Rubin (Eds.), Handbook of peer interactions, relationships, and groups (pp. 552–570). Guilford Press.
Ciarrochi, J., Parker, P., Sahdra, B., Marshall, S., Jackson, C., Gloster, A. T., & Heaven, P. (2016). The development of compulsive internet use and mental health: A four‐year study of adolescence. Developmental Psychology, 52(2), 272–283. https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0000070.
Cohen, L. H., Gunthert, K. C., Butler, A. C., O'Neill, S. C., & Tolpin, L. H. (2005). Daily affective reactivity as a prospective predictor of depressive symptoms. Journal of Personality, 73(6), 1687–1714. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0022‐3506.2005.00363.x.
Cole, D. A., Nolen‐Hoeksema, S., Girgus, J., & Paul, G. (2006). Stress exposure and stress generation in child and adolescent depression: A latent trait‐state‐error approach to longitudinal analyses. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 115(1), 40–51. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021‐843X.115.1.40.
Drake, A., Doré, B. P., Falk, E. B., Zurn, P., Bassett, D. S., & Lydon‐Staley, D. M. (2022). Daily stressor‐related negative mood and its associations with flourishing and daily curiosity. Journal of Happiness Studies, 23(2), 423–438. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902‐021‐00404‐2.
Gelman, A., & Rubin, D. B. (1992). Inference from iterative simulation using multiple sequences. Statistical Science, 7(4), 457–472. https://doi.org/10.1214/ss/1177011136.
Herres, J., Ewing, E. S. K., & Kobak, R. (2016). Emotional reactivity to negative adult and peer events and the maintenance of adolescent depressive symptoms: A daily diary design. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 44, 471–481. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802‐015‐0043‐6.
Jun, S., & Choi, E. (2015). Academic stress and internet addiction from general strain theory framework. Computers in Human Behavior, 49, 282–287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.03.001.
Kamolthip, R., Chirawat, P., Ghavifekr, S., Gan, W. Y., Tung, S. E. H., Nurmala, I., Nadhiroh, S. R., Pramukti, I., & Lin, C.‐Y. (2022). Problematic Internet use (PIU) in youth: A brief literature review of selected topics. Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, 46, 101150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2022.101150.
Karacic, S., & Oreskovic, S. (2017). Internet addiction through the phase of adolescence: A questionnaire study. JMIR Mental Health, 4(2), e11. https://doi.org/10.2196/mental.5537.
Kardefelt‐Winther, D. (2014). A conceptual and methodological critique of internet addiction research: Towards a model of compensatory internet use. Computers in Human Behavior, 31, 351–354. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2013.10.059.
Kiang, L., & Buchanan, C. M. (2014). Daily stress and emotional well‐being among Asian American adolescents: Same‐day, lagged, and chronic associations. Developmental Psychology, 50(2), 611–621. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0033645.
Lassander, M., Hintsanen, M., Ravaja, N., Määttänen, I., Suominen, S., Mullola, S., Makkonen, T., Vahlberg, T., & Volanen, S.‐M. (2022). Pilot study on students' stress reactivity after mindfulness intervention compared to relaxation control group. International Journal of Stress Management, 29(3), 306–317. https://doi.org/10.1037/str0000246.
Li, D., Li, X., Wang, Y., Zhao, L., Bao, Z., & Wen, F. (2013). School connectedness and problematic internet use in adolescents: A moderated mediation model of deviant peer affiliation and self‐control. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 41(8), 1231–1242. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802‐013‐9761‐9.
Li, G., Hou, G., Yang, D., Jian, H., & Wang, W. (2019). Relationship between anxiety, depression, sex, obesity, and internet addiction in Chinese adolescents: A short‐term longitudinal study. Addictive Behaviors, 90, 421–427. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.12.009.
Li, Y., Zhang, X., Lu, F., Zhang, Q., & Wang, Y. (2014). Internet addiction among elementary and middle school students in China: A nationally representative sample study. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 17(2), 111–116. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2012.0482.
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Mo, P. K., Chan, V. W., Wang, X., & Lau, J. T. (2020). Gender difference in the association between internet addiction, self‐esteem and academic aspirations among adolescents: A structural equation modelling. Computers & Education, 155, 103921. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2020.103921.
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Altena, E., Geoffroy, P.‐A., Bioulac, S., Micoulaud‐Franchi, J.‐A., Sanz‐Arigita, E., & Philip, P. (2016). The bidirectional relation between emotional reactivity and sleep: From disruption to recovery. Behavioral Neuroscience, 130(3), 336–350. https://doi.org/10.1037/bne0000128.
Anderson, E. L., Steen, E., & Stavropoulos, V. (2017). Internet use and problematic internet use: A systematic review of longitudinal research trends in adolescence and emergent adulthood. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 22(4), 430–454. https://doi.org/10.1080/02673843.2016.1227716.
Anderson, S. F., Sladek, M. R., & Doane, L. D. (2021). Negative affect reactivity to stress and internalizing symptoms over the transition to college for Latinx adolescents: Buffering role of family support. Development and Psychopathology, 33(4), 1322–1337. https://doi.org/10.1017/S095457942000053X.
Bai, S., & Repetti, R. L. (2018). Negative and positive emotion responses to daily school problems: Links to internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 46(3), 423–435. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802‐017‐0311‐8.
Bai, S., Robles, T. F., Reynolds, B. M., & Repetti, R. L. (2020). Daily mood reactivity to stress during childhood predicts internalizing problems three years later. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 48(8), 1063–1075. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802‐020‐00650‐7.
Bailen, N. H., Green, L. M., & Thompson, R. J. (2019). Understanding emotion in adolescents: A review of emotional frequency, intensity, instability, and clarity. Emotion Review, 11, 63–73. https://doi.org/10.1177/1754073918768878.
Baloğlu, M., Şahin, R., & Arpaci, I. (2020). A review of recent research in problematic internet use: Gender and cultural differences. Current Opinion in Psychology, 36, 124–129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2020.05.008.
Becerra, R., & Campitelli, G. (2013). Emotional reactivity: Critical analysis and proposal of a new scale. International Journal of Applied Psychology, 3(6), 161–168. https://doi.org/10.5923/j.ijap.20130306.03.
Booij, S. H., Snippe, E., Jeronimus, B. F., Wichers, M., & Wigman, J. T. W. (2018). Affective reactivity to daily life stress: Relationship to positive psychotic and depressive symptoms in a general population sample. Journal of Affective Disorders, 225, 474–481. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2017.08.051.
Brand, M., Wegmann, E., Stark, R., Müller, A., Wölfling, K., Robbins, T. W., & Potenza, M. N. (2019). The Interaction of Person‐Affect‐Cognition‐Execution (I‐PACE) model for addictive behaviors: Update, generalization to addictive behaviors beyond internet‐use disorders, and specification of the process character of addictive behaviors. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 104, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.06.032.
Brand, M., Young, K. S., Laier, C., Woelfling, K., & Potenza, M. N. (2016). Integrating psychological and neurobiological considerations regarding the development and maintenance of specific internet‐use disorders: An Interaction of Person‐Affect‐Cognition‐Execution (I‐PACE) model. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 71, 252–266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.08.033.
Brose, A., Neubauer, A. B., & Schmiedek, F. (2022). Integrating state dynamics and trait change: A tutorial using the example of stress reactivity and change in well‐being. European Journal of Personality, 36(2), 180–199. https://doi.org/10.1177/08902070211014055.
Cerniglia, L., Zoratto, F., Cimino, S., Laviola, G., Ammaniti, M., & Adriani, W. (2017). Internet addiction in adolescence: Neurobiological, psychosocial and clinical issues. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 76, 174–184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.12.024.
Charles, S. T., Piazza, J. R., Mogle, J., Sliwinski, M. J., & Almeida, D. M. (2013). The wear‐and‐tear of daily stressors on mental health. Psychological Science, 24(5), 733. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797612462222.
Chen, X., Lee, J., & Chen, L. (2018). Culture and peer relationships. In W. M. Bukowski, B. Laursen, & K. H. Rubin (Eds.), Handbook of peer interactions, relationships, and groups (pp. 552–570). Guilford Press.
Ciarrochi, J., Parker, P., Sahdra, B., Marshall, S., Jackson, C., Gloster, A. T., & Heaven, P. (2016). The development of compulsive internet use and mental health: A four‐year study of adolescence. Developmental Psychology, 52(2), 272–283. https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0000070.
Cohen, L. H., Gunthert, K. C., Butler, A. C., O'Neill, S. C., & Tolpin, L. H. (2005). Daily affective reactivity as a prospective predictor of depressive symptoms. Journal of Personality, 73(6), 1687–1714. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0022‐3506.2005.00363.x.
Cole, D. A., Nolen‐Hoeksema, S., Girgus, J., & Paul, G. (2006). Stress exposure and stress generation in child and adolescent depression: A latent trait‐state‐error approach to longitudinal analyses. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 115(1), 40–51. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021‐843X.115.1.40.
Drake, A., Doré, B. P., Falk, E. B., Zurn, P., Bassett, D. S., & Lydon‐Staley, D. M. (2022). Daily stressor‐related negative mood and its associations with flourishing and daily curiosity. Journal of Happiness Studies, 23(2), 423–438. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902‐021‐00404‐2.
Gelman, A., & Rubin, D. B. (1992). Inference from iterative simulation using multiple sequences. Statistical Science, 7(4), 457–472. https://doi.org/10.1214/ss/1177011136.
Herres, J., Ewing, E. S. K., & Kobak, R. (2016). Emotional reactivity to negative adult and peer events and the maintenance of adolescent depressive symptoms: A daily diary design. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 44, 471–481. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802‐015‐0043‐6.
Jun, S., & Choi, E. (2015). Academic stress and internet addiction from general strain theory framework. Computers in Human Behavior, 49, 282–287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.03.001.
Kamolthip, R., Chirawat, P., Ghavifekr, S., Gan, W. Y., Tung, S. E. H., Nurmala, I., Nadhiroh, S. R., Pramukti, I., & Lin, C.‐Y. (2022). Problematic Internet use (PIU) in youth: A brief literature review of selected topics. Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, 46, 101150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2022.101150.
Karacic, S., & Oreskovic, S. (2017). Internet addiction through the phase of adolescence: A questionnaire study. JMIR Mental Health, 4(2), e11. https://doi.org/10.2196/mental.5537.
Kardefelt‐Winther, D. (2014). A conceptual and methodological critique of internet addiction research: Towards a model of compensatory internet use. Computers in Human Behavior, 31, 351–354. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2013.10.059.
Kiang, L., & Buchanan, C. M. (2014). Daily stress and emotional well‐being among Asian American adolescents: Same‐day, lagged, and chronic associations. Developmental Psychology, 50(2), 611–621. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0033645.
Lassander, M., Hintsanen, M., Ravaja, N., Määttänen, I., Suominen, S., Mullola, S., Makkonen, T., Vahlberg, T., & Volanen, S.‐M. (2022). Pilot study on students' stress reactivity after mindfulness intervention compared to relaxation control group. International Journal of Stress Management, 29(3), 306–317. https://doi.org/10.1037/str0000246.
Li, D., Li, X., Wang, Y., Zhao, L., Bao, Z., & Wen, F. (2013). School connectedness and problematic internet use in adolescents: A moderated mediation model of deviant peer affiliation and self‐control. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 41(8), 1231–1242. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802‐013‐9761‐9.
Li, G., Hou, G., Yang, D., Jian, H., & Wang, W. (2019). Relationship between anxiety, depression, sex, obesity, and internet addiction in Chinese adolescents: A short‐term longitudinal study. Addictive Behaviors, 90, 421–427. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.12.009.
Li, Y., Zhang, X., Lu, F., Zhang, Q., & Wang, Y. (2014). Internet addiction among elementary and middle school students in China: A nationally representative sample study. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 17(2), 111–116. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2012.0482.
Lougheed, J. P. (2020). Parent–adolescent dyads as temporal interpersonal emotion systems. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 30(1), 26–40. https://doi.org/10.1111/jora.12526.
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Grant Information:
2021ZD0200500 STI 2030-Major Projects
Contributed Indexing:
Keywords: affect reactivity; daily dairy; internet addiction; negative life events
Entry Date(s):
Date Created: 20260216 Date Completed: 20260302 Latest Revision: 20260302
Update Code:
20260302
DOI:
10.1111/jora.70158
PMID:
41697169
Database:
MEDLINE
*Further Information*
*Affect reactivity to negative events is considered a vulnerability factor for mental health problems; however, its role in internet addiction has been less explored. Based on the Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution model, this study investigated whether affect reactivity to negative events in two key interpersonal domains-parents and peers-contributes to the development of internet addiction during the transition from Grade 8 to Grade 9 among Chinese adolescents. A 12-day daily diary combined with a 6-month longitudinal design was used to collect data from 244 Chinese adolescents (M<subscript>age</subscript> = 13.87, SD<subscript>age</subscript> = 0.51, 42.6% girls). Results revealed that internet addiction remained relatively stable but demonstrated significant individual differences over the 6-month transition from Grade 8 to Grade 9. At the within-person level, daily negative parent and peer events were associated with higher levels of negative affect. Moreover, daily affect reactivity to negative peer events, but not negative parent events, predicted a faster increase in internet addiction over 6 months. The findings highlight the critical role of affect reactivity to negative peer events in the development of internet addiction and offer insights for targeted prevention strategies.
(© 2026 Society for Research on Adolescence.)*