• Evolution of users' subjec...

*Result*: Evolution of users' subjective experience over three training sessions with an EEG Motor-Imagery Brain-Computer Interface (MI-BCI).

Title:
Evolution of users' subjective experience over three training sessions with an EEG Motor-Imagery Brain-Computer Interface (MI-BCI).
Authors:
Roc A; Inria Center at the University of Bordeaux, 200 avenue de la vieille tour, Talence, 33405, France; LaBRI, 351, cours de la Libération, Talence, 33405, France., Kolodzienski L; Inria Center at the University of Bordeaux, 200 avenue de la vieille tour, Talence, 33405, France; Université Lumière Lyon 2, 18 quai Claude Bernard, Lyon, 69365, France., Dreyer P; Inria Center at the University of Bordeaux, 200 avenue de la vieille tour, Talence, 33405, France; LaBRI, 351, cours de la Libération, Talence, 33405, France., Appriou A; Inria Center at the University of Bordeaux, 200 avenue de la vieille tour, Talence, 33405, France; LaBRI, 351, cours de la Libération, Talence, 33405, France; Flit Sport, 20 rue Joseph Le Brix, Bordeaux, 33000, France., Monseigne T; Inria Center at the University of Bordeaux, 200 avenue de la vieille tour, Talence, 33405, France., Lotte F; Inria Center at the University of Bordeaux, 200 avenue de la vieille tour, Talence, 33405, France; LaBRI, 351, cours de la Libération, Talence, 33405, France. Electronic address: fabien.lotte@inria.fr.
Source:
Brain research [Brain Res] 2026 Feb 01; Vol. 1872, pp. 150085. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Dec 04.
Publication Type:
Journal Article
Language:
English
Journal Info:
Publisher: Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 0045503 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1872-6240 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00068993 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Brain Res Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s):
Original Publication: Amsterdam Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press.
MeSH Terms:
Brain-Computer Interfaces*/psychology , Imagination*/physiology , Brain*/physiology, Electroencephalography/methods ; Psychomotor Performance/physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Young Adult ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Mental Fatigue
Contributed Indexing:
Keywords: Brain–computer interfaces (BCI); Electroencephalography (EEG); Mental fatigue; Motor imagery (MI); User experience
Entry Date(s):
Date Created: 20251206 Date Completed: 20251225 Latest Revision: 20251225
Update Code:
20260130
DOI:
10.1016/j.brainres.2025.150085
PMID:
41352637
Database:
MEDLINE

*Further Information*

*Motor Imagery-based Brain-Computer Interfaces (MI-BCIs) have been shown to be promising for numerous applications, including sport training and entertainment for healthy users, but also for improving or restoring functions in neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders, e.g., for motor rehabilitation post-stroke or for attention training in attention deficits. Reliable interactions with such MI-BCIs require a heavy training process for both the machine and the user. Yet, how User eXperience (UX) evolves during standard training is still largely unclear, both within and between sessions/days. Through an exploratory study, we investigated the variations of users' answers to a UX questionnaire when training with a standard left vs. right-hand MI-BCI. 24 healthy novice users engaged in 3 training sessions (with 12 runs each) on different days. Each short run was followed by six questions on screen measuring UX factors on scales from 1 to 10: mental demand, performance, mental effort, frustration, mental fatigue and anxiety. Interestingly, BCI performances did not correlate with any subjective UX measure in this study. However, a time effect was observed. Within session, the results suggested that mental demand, effort, and fatigue significantly augmented during BCI operation, and that frustration significantly fluctuated but did not differ pre- vs. post-session. Between sessions, the first session was rated significantly more challenging than the other two regarding frustration, anxiety, mental demand, mental effort and mental fatigue. This highlights the importance of conducting studies across sessions and of considering the users' mental states during BCI use, for improving UX and thus possibly BCI treatment outcome.
(Copyright © 2025. Published by Elsevier B.V.)*

*Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.*