*Result*: Customizable Fabrication of 2D and Conformal Multielectrode Arrays for 3D Printed Organotypic Bioelectronic Interfaces.
Title:
Customizable Fabrication of 2D and Conformal Multielectrode Arrays for 3D Printed Organotypic Bioelectronic Interfaces.
Authors:
Cheah E; Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore., Gao X; Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore., Jaw WQ; Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology (SIMTech), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A⁎STAR), Singapore, 636732, Singapore.; School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore., Goh GL; School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore., Lee JM; Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore., Huang C; School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore.; Neuroscience@NTU, Interdisciplinary Graduate Programme, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore., Chew SY; School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore.; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 308232, Singapore.; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.; National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, 168581, Singapore., Yeong WY; Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.; School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.
Source:
Advanced healthcare materials [Adv Healthc Mater] 2026 Feb; Vol. 15 (8), pp. e02757. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Sep 04.
Publication Type:
Journal Article
Language:
English
Journal Info:
Publisher: Wiley-VCH Country of Publication: Germany NLM ID: 101581613 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2192-2659 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 21922640 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Adv Healthc Mater Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s):
Original Publication: Weinheim : Wiley-VCH, 2012-
MeSH Terms:
References:
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P. J. Hayden, J. W. Harbell, In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. Animal 2021, 57, 95.
M. V. Monteiro, Y. S. Zhang, V. M. Gaspar, J. F. Mano, Trends Biotechnol. 2021, 40, 432.
C. Zourray, M. A. Kurian, S. Barral, G. Lignani, Front. Mol. Neurosci. 2022, 15, 839366.
C. Kang, Y. Qiao, G. Li, K. Baechle, P. Camelliti, S. Rentschler, I. R. Efimov, Sci. Rep. 2016, 6, 1.
C. Humpel, Neuroscience 2015, 305, 86.
M. E. Spira, A. Hai, Nat. Nanotechnol. 2013, 8, 83.
C. A. Thomas, P. A. Springer, G. E. Loeb, Y. Berwald‐Netter, L. M. Okun, Exp. Cell Res. 1972, 74, 61.
O. Svoboda, L. Baiazitova, V. Cmiel, J. Skopalik, I. Provaznik, 2018 Computing in Cardiology Conference (CinC), Maastricht, Netherlands 2018, 1, https://doi.org/10.22489/CinC.2018.103.
A. H. D. Graham, J. Robbins, C. R. Bowen, J. Taylor, Sensors 2011, 11, 4943.
M. Ballini, J. Muller, P. Livi, Y. Chen, U. Frey, A. Stettler, A. Shadmani, V. Viswam, I. L. Jones, D. Jackel, M. Radivojevic, M. K. Lewandowska, W. Gong, M. Fiscella, D. J. Bakkum, F. Heer, A. Hierlemann, IEEE J. Solid‐State Circuits 2014, 49, 2705.
M. A. Lebedev, M. A. L. Nicolelis, Trends Neurosci. 2006, 29, 536.
B. Miccoli, C. M. Lopez, E. Goikoetxea, J. Putzeys, M. Sekeri, O. Krylychkina, S. W. Chang, A. Firrincieli, A. Andrei, V. Reumers, D. Braeken, Front. Neurosci. 2019, 13, 443106.
B. Ghane‐Motlagh, M. Sawan, Mater. Sci. Appl. 2013, 04, 483.
G. L. Goh, S. Agarwala, Y. J. Tan, W. Y. Yeong, Sens. Actuators B Chem. 2018, 260, 227.
S. Agarwala, G. L. Goh, W. Y. Yeong, IEEE Access 2018, 6, 63080.
N. J. Wilkinson, M. A. A. Smith, R. W. Kay, R. A. Harris, Int. J. Adv. Des. Manuf. Technol. 2019, 105, 4599.
E. B. Secor, Flex. Print. Electron. 2018, 3, 035002.
G. L. Goh, H. Zhang, G. D. Goh, W. Y. Yeong, T. H. Chong, Mater. Sci. Addit. Manuf. 2022, 1, 10.
G. L. Goh, H. Zhang, T. H. Chong, W. Y. Yeong, Adv. Electron. Mater. 2021, 7, 2100445.
G. L. Goh, S. Agarwala, W. Y. Yeong, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2019, 11, 43719.
G. L. Goh, S. Agarwala, W. Y. Yeong, Proc. Int. Conf. Prog. Addit. Manuf. 2018, 109.
J. Rich, B. Cole, T. Li, B. Lu, H. Fu, B. N. Smith, J. Xia, S. Yang, R. Zhong, J. L. Doherty, K. Kaneko, H. Suzuki, A. D. Franklin, T. J. Huang, Microsyst. Nanoeng. 2024, 10, 2.
G. L. Goh, V. Dikshit, R. Koneru, Z. K. Peh, W. Lu, G. D. Goh, W. Y. Yeong, Int. J. Adv. Des. Manuf. Technol. 2022, 120, 2573.
M. Seiti, P. S. Ginestra, E. Ferraris, Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, Springer Nature, Dordrecht, Netherlands, 2024, 19.
M. Seiti, P. S. Ginestra, R. M. Ferraro, S. Giliani, R. M. Vetrano, E. Ceretti, E. Ferraris, Int. J. Bioprint. 2022, 8, 50.
I. Armando, M. Borghetti, E. Sardini, M. Serpelloni, IEEE Sens. J. 2023, 23, 24205.
M. S. Saleh, S. M. Ritchie, M. A. Nicholas, H. L. Gordon, C. Hu, S. Jahan, B. Yuan, R. Bezbaruah, J. W. Reddy, Z. Ahmed, M. Chamanzar, E. A. Yttri, Sci. Adv. 2022, 8, 4853.
S. Zips, L. Grob, P. Rinklin, K. Terkan, N. Y. Adly, L. J. K. Weiß, D. Mayer, B. Wolfrum, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2019, 11, 32778.
S. Zips, B. Huang, S. Hotte, L. Hiendlmeier, C. Wang, K. Rajamani, O. Buriez, G. Al Boustani, Y. Chen, B. Wolfrum, A. Yamada, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2023, 15, 35950.
A. C. Lazanas, M. I. Prodromidis, ACS Meas. Sci. Au 2023, 3, 162.
C. Boehler, F. Oberueber, S. Schlabach, T. Stieglitz, M. Asplund, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2017, 9, 189.
C. Boehler, S. Carli, L. Fadiga, T. Stieglitz, M. Asplund, Nat. Protoc. 2020, 15, 3557.
C. Boehler, Z. Aqrawe, M. Asplund, Bioelectron. Med. (Lond.) 2019, 2, 89.
M. Vafaiee, F. Aghakhani Mahyari, A. Kalantarian, M. Janahmadi, R. Mohammadpour, A. Iraji zad, P. Sasanpour, Biosens. Bioelectron. X 2024, 18, 100485.
R. Kim, N. Hong, Y. Nam, Biotechnol. J. 2013, 8, 206.
P. Fan, Y. Song, B. Lu, Y. Wang, Y. Dai, J. Xie, E. He, Z. Xu, G. Yang, F. Mo, J. Liu, M. Wang, X. Cai, Front. Neurosci. 2022, 16, 868235.
M. Bansal, B. Raos, Z. Aqrawe, Z. Wu, D. Svirskis, Acta Biomater. 2021, 137, 124.
M. Bansal, Y. Vyas, Z. Aqrawe, B. Raos, E. Cheah, J. Montgomery, Z. Wu, D. Svirskis, ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng. 2022, 8, 3933.
S. Ahadian, J. Ramón‐Azcón, S. Ostrovidov, G. Camci‐Unal, V. Hosseini, H. Kaji, K. Ino, H. Shiku, A. Khademhosseini, T. Matsue, Lab Chip 2012, 12, 3491.
P. Bajaj, B. Reddy, L. Millet, C. Wei, P. Zorlutuna, G. Bao, R. Bashir, Integr. Biol. 2011, 3, 897.
L. Nguyen, A. McCaughey‐Chapman, B. Connor, J. Neurosci. Methods 2024, 405, 110102.
J. Yin, M. Yan, Y. Wang, J. Fu, H. Suo, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2018, 10, 6849.
C. E. Schmidt, V. R. Shastri, J. P. Vacanti, R. Langer, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1997, 94, 8948.
M. L. P. Langelaan, K. J. M. Boonen, K. Y. Rosaria‐Chak, D. W. J. van der Schaft, M. J. Post, F. P. T. Baaijens, J. Tissue Eng. Regen. Med. 2011, 5, 529.
R. K. Shepherd, A. Coco, S. B. Epp, Hear. Res. 2008, 242, 100.
H. Park, R. Bhalla, R. Saigal, M. Radisic, N. Watson, R. Langer, G. Vunjak‐Novakovic, J. Tissue Eng. Regen. Med. 2008, 2, 279.
I. J. A. Evers‐Van Gogh, S. Alex, R. Stienstra, A. B. Brenkman, S. Kersten, E. Kalkhoven, Sci. Rep. 2015, 5, 1.
R. Banan Sadeghian, M. Ebrahimi, S. Salehi, J. Tissue Eng. Regen. Med. 2018, 12, 912.
N. Goshi, H. Kim, G. Girardi, A. Gardner, E. Seker, Cells 2023, 12, 821.
R. N. Lemon, S. N. Baker, A. Kraskov, Cereb. Cortex 2021, 31, 5131.
L. Sartiani, P. Bochet, E. Cerbai, A. Mugelli, R. Fischmeister, J. Physiol. 2002, 545, 81.
A. L. G. Mestre, M. Cerquido, P. M. C. Inácio, S. Asgarifar, A. S. Lourenço, M. L. S. Cristiano, P. Aguiar, M. C. R. Medeiros, I. M. Araújo, J. Ventura, H. L. Gomes, Sci. Rep. 2017, 7, 1.
Z. Liu, D. Xu, J. Fang, Q. Xia, W. Zhong, H. Li, Z. Huang, N. Cao, X. Liu, H. J. Chen, N. Hu, Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol. 2021, 9, 799312.
A. Suarez‐Perez, G. Gabriel, B. Rebollo, X. Illa, A. Guimerà‐Brunet, J. Hernández‐Ferrer, M. T. Martínez, R. Villa, M. V. Sanchez‐Vives, Front. Neurosci. 2018, 12, 400375.
F. L. Ronzoni, F. Aliberti, F. Scocozza, L. Benedetti, F. Auricchio, M. Sampaolesi, G. Cusella, I. N. Redwan, G. Ceccarelli, M. Conti, J. Tissue Eng. Regen. Med. 2022, 16, 484.
D. Loessner, C. Meinert, E. Kaemmerer, L. C. Martine, K. Yue, P. A. Levett, T. J. Klein, F. P. W. Melchels, A. Khademhosseini, D. W. Hutmacher, Nat. Protoc. 2016, 11, 727.
P. H. Lin, C. Huang, Y. Hu, V. S. Ramanujam, E. S. Lee, R. Singh, U. Milbreta, C. Cheung, J. Y. Ying, S. Y. Chew, Biomaterials 2023, 302, 122325.
Grant Information:
NRFNRFI07-2021-0007 National Research Foundation Singapore
Contributed Indexing:
Keywords: 3D cell printing; aerosol jet printing; bioelectronic interfaces; electrophysiological recording; multi‐electrode arrays
Substance Nomenclature:
7440-57-5 (Gold)
0 (Polystyrenes)
9000-70-8 (Gelatin)
0 (gelatin methacryloyl)
0 (Polymers)
0 (Methacrylates)
0 (Polystyrenes)
9000-70-8 (Gelatin)
0 (gelatin methacryloyl)
0 (Polymers)
0 (Methacrylates)
Entry Date(s):
Date Created: 20250904 Date Completed: 20260223 Latest Revision: 20260225
Update Code:
20260225
PubMed Central ID:
PMC12927529
DOI:
10.1002/adhm.202502757
PMID:
40905511
Database:
MEDLINE
*Further Information*
*Organotypic 3D tissue models require precise electrophysiological interfaces to study function and disease. Multi-electrode arrays (MEAs) are essential for recording and stimulation, yet conventional fabrication methods are costly and time-intensive. This study demonstrates aerosol jet printing (AJP) of gold nanoparticles onto flexible polyimide substrates to produce fully gold, biocompatible MEAs for rapid customization of MEAs. Fabrication time is reduced from ≈320 min (photolithography) to ≈175 min, with minimal material waste. Printed electrodes achieve low impedance (0.05 kΩ µm<sup>-</sup> <sup>2</sup> at 1 kHz) with stable performance over 14 days. Coating with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT/PSS) increases charge injection capacity and maintains stability over 200 000 stimulation pulses. Cytocompatibility is confirmed through direct 3D bioprinting of C2C12 myoblast-laden gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) onto MEAs, achieving 70-80% viability. Electrical stimulation induces myoblast alignment, and extracellular recordings from primary cortical neurons and HL-1 cardiomyocytes yield signal-to-noise ratios of 20.89 and 16.62 dB, respectively. Integration into 3D-printed hydrogel conduits demonstrates conformal application and enhanced cell organization. These findings establish AJP as a scalable fabrication approach for customizable MEAs, supporting the development of advanced bioelectronic interfaces for organotypic tissue models.
(© 2025 The Author(s). Advanced Healthcare Materials published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)*