*Result*: A 0/1 Constrained Optimization Solving Sample Average Approximation for Chance Constrained Programming.

*Sample average approximation (SAA) is a tractable approach for dealing with chance constrained programming, a challenging stochastic optimization problem. The constraint of SAA is characterized by the 0/1 loss function, which results in considerable complexities in devising numerical algorithms. Most existing methods have been devised based on reformulations of SAA, such as binary integer programming or relaxed problems. However, the development of viable methods to directly tackle SAA remains elusive, let alone providing theoretical guarantees. In this paper, we investigate a general 0/1 constrained optimization, providing a new way to address SAA rather than its reformulations. Specifically, starting with deriving the Bouligand tangent and Fréchet normal cones of the 0/1 constraint, we establish several optimality conditions. One of them can be equivalently expressed by a system of equations, enabling the development of a semismooth Newton-type algorithm. The algorithm demonstrates a locally superlinear or quadratic convergence rate under standard assumptions along with nice numerical performance compared with several leading solvers. Funding: This research was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China [Grant 2023YFA1011100], the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, and the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant 12271309]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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